What is air pollution

-
What is air pollution 
Source of air pollution 
Effects of air pollution 
Control of air pollution 
 and meny more..
  
What is air pollution:-
        Foreign particles or gases in the atmosphere which are harmful to human beings , other organisms and vegetation is called air pollution.                                  Source of air pollution:-
The major source of air pollution are 
:- Natural source
  and
:-man-made source
Natural sources:- 
Ultraviolet radiations and cosmic rays from the rays , land slides, volcanic erruptions which releases gases like co , so², H²s , etc . Release of natural gases parts of biological origin such as pollengrains and fungal spores etc causing air pollution.
Man-made sources :- 

1- Industries:- major pollutants released from the chimneys of the industries are co² , so² , H²s and hydrocarbons .
2- Refineries and Thermal plants :-  Burning of petroleum produces a mixture of gases like so³ , so² , co² , co , No² , No , H²s , hydrocarbons etc. 
:- Burning of coal in thermal plants produces Flyash , dust , grit, and outher suspended particulate matter in addition to the gaseous pollutants .
3- Crushers :- Industrial activities like crushing , blasting , grinding etc also produced a huge amount of silica dust as pollutant.
4- Agricultural activity :- Use of pesticides and weedicides release organophosphates , chlorinated hydrocarbons ,arsenic and lead to the atmosphere .
Nuclear explosion :- Ionising radiations like
Alpha particles and Beta particles and radioactive deadly rays are produced during testing of the nuclear weapons . 

Effects of air pollution:- 
   Air pollution has several adverse effects on human beings , outher animal, plants, buildings as well as on climate .
:- co interferes with the transport of oxygen by haemoglobin in the blood. It's binding with haemoglobin is about 200 times faster than oxygen to form carbony haemoglobin . Decrease in oxygen carrying capacity of haemoglobin leads to headache cardiovascular  malfunctioning , muscle weakness etc . at high concentration co causes unconsciousness and death.
:- increased co² conc . In atmosphere results in nausea and headache .
:- In atmosphere so² reacts with water vapour to form sulphuric acid which comes to earth surface by acid rain . it has irritating
effects on our skin, fishes and plants .
:- Lichens are best indicator of so² Pollution.
:- Nitrogen oxides cause respiratory problems lungs problem , kidney damage , eye irritation etc . 
:- Fluorides cases abnormal calcification of bones , teeth and fluorosis in animals.
:- Hydrocarbons cause eye irritation coughing sneezing , drowsiness , etc . Benzene is a hydrocarbon which causes leukaemia in human beings.

Effects of air pollution in plants:- 
 :- Excess so² causes chlorosis and necrosis in plants .
:- Oxides of nitrogen couses necrosis and death of many plants .
:- Fluorides cause chlorosis , necrosis and abseision of leaves .
:- Hydrocarbons cause premature leaf fall and fruit drop. 
:- particulate matter like spot and smoke settle on leaves and reduce the rate of photosynthesis .

Control of air pollution:-
:- Industries are to be established away from the residential areas .
:- Tall chimneys are to be construed in the Industries to avoid  pollution at ground levels 
:- Use of filters and electrostatic precipitates in the chimneys to separate particulate matter from the smoke.
:- separators should be used in the industry to settle down the particulate matters through centrifugation .
:- sulphur free and lead free fuel should be used for automobile to reduce air pollution .
:- Large scale plantation should be taken around the industrial areas as well as along roadsides to reduce particulate pollution .
:- It is more important to enforce laws and regulations to control the function of industries.


 If you Want to  know more about interacting and Scientifically proven fact then click here- M Hack Tech Fact









   

Popular posts from this blog

Siemens Ozoniser how Siemens Ozoniser work

-
Image
Siemens Ozoniser:  This Ozoniser consist of two co-axial glass tubes fused together at one end. The outer side of the outer glass tube and the inner side of the inner glass tube are finally coated with tin foils as shown in the figure given below.  (Siemens Ozoniser)->2                                                     (Siemens Ozoniser)->1 These tin foil are connected  to the induction coil for supply of silent electric discharge. Pure and dry oxygen gas is passed into the apparatus through annular space. The gas is then subjected to the action of silent electric discharge where oxygen gets converted into ozone. The ozonised oxygen then comes out  of the apparatus through the outlet of the Ozoniser. (Siemens Ozoniser)->2
Read more

Rutile structure

-
Rutile structure: The radius radio is in the range 0.73 to 0.41. in rutile (TiO²) each Ti⁴+ ion is octahedrally surrounded by six O²- ions whereas each other O²- ion is surrounded by only three Ti⁴+ ions arranged at the tree corners of a plane triangle. The Co-ordination number of Ti⁴+ and O²+ ions are 6 and 3, respectively. It is not exactly a close packed structure. Ti⁴+ ions in rutile may however, be considered as forming a sufficiently distorted body centred cubic lattice.           Example  compounds  having radius ratio below 0.41 are SiO² and BeF² but these are only a few. The Co-ordination number of Si⁴+ and Be²+ is four and that of O²- is two. However, these are appreciably co-valent.
Read more

F - block element What are f - block elements

-
What are F - Block Elements - F - block elements are consist of Lanthanides and Actinides. In Lanthanides, they are 14 element immediately following Lanthanum (57) from cerium (58) to lutecium (71) . These 14 element are called Lanthanides . These Lanthanides belong to first inner transition series .           In Actinides , these are also 14 elements immediately following Actinium (89) starting from Thorium (90) to lawrencium (103) . The element from Th (90) to Lr (103) are called Actinides . They belong to second inner transition series.
Read more