Physical properties of ether

-
Physical properties of ether

Physical state and odour:- Dimethyl ether and ethyl methyl ether are gases at ordinary temperature while other members are colourless liquids having a characteristics ether smell.

Volatality :-  Lower ethers are highly volatile and are inflammable.

Density :-  They are lighter than water .

Solubility :- lower ethers (uptoC³) are soluble in water because of dipolar nature of the C-O bond which forms H - bonding with water. However solubility of ether in water decrease due to increase of size of nonpolar Alkyl or Aryl groups 

Boiling point:- Due to weak dipole - dipole  interaction among ether molecules , they show slightly higher b.pt than the corresponding n - alkanes having comparable molecular masses . For example b.pt on Dimethyl ether (CH3- O -CH3) is 248k while propane (CH3 - CH2 - CH3) is 231k.
However the boiling point of higher ether (>C⁴), are slightly lower than the corresponding n - alkanes of comparable molecular masses . For example , the boiling point of Diethyl ether (C2 H5 - O - C2H5 ) is 307 .6k while n-pentane is 309 .1K . The reason of decreasing boiling point may be due to the presence of O - atom which makes
the ether molecule less symmetrical as compared to n - alkane . As a result , the van der waals forces of attraction become less symmetrical ether than in n - alkanes of comparable molecular masses .

In comparison to alcohol , ether have much lower boiling points than the corresponding isomeric alcohols of comparable  molecular mass . It is because of absence of intermolecular H- bonding  in ether, which is formed in alcohols .
   For example boiling point of methyl phenyl
ether (C6 H5 O- CH3) is 423k while that of benzyl alcohol (C6 H5 CH2 OH) is 478k although both have same mol.mass (108).
                                                                              

Popular posts from this blog

Siemens Ozoniser how Siemens Ozoniser work

-
Image
Siemens Ozoniser:  This Ozoniser consist of two co-axial glass tubes fused together at one end. The outer side of the outer glass tube and the inner side of the inner glass tube are finally coated with tin foils as shown in the figure given below.  (Siemens Ozoniser)->2                                                     (Siemens Ozoniser)->1 These tin foil are connected  to the induction coil for supply of silent electric discharge. Pure and dry oxygen gas is passed into the apparatus through annular space. The gas is then subjected to the action of silent electric discharge where oxygen gets converted into ozone. The ozonised oxygen then comes out  of the apparatus through the outlet of the Ozoniser. (Siemens Ozoniser)->2
Read more

Rutile structure

-
Rutile structure: The radius radio is in the range 0.73 to 0.41. in rutile (TiO²) each Ti⁴+ ion is octahedrally surrounded by six O²- ions whereas each other O²- ion is surrounded by only three Ti⁴+ ions arranged at the tree corners of a plane triangle. The Co-ordination number of Ti⁴+ and O²+ ions are 6 and 3, respectively. It is not exactly a close packed structure. Ti⁴+ ions in rutile may however, be considered as forming a sufficiently distorted body centred cubic lattice.           Example  compounds  having radius ratio below 0.41 are SiO² and BeF² but these are only a few. The Co-ordination number of Si⁴+ and Be²+ is four and that of O²- is two. However, these are appreciably co-valent.
Read more

F - block element What are f - block elements

-
What are F - Block Elements - F - block elements are consist of Lanthanides and Actinides. In Lanthanides, they are 14 element immediately following Lanthanum (57) from cerium (58) to lutecium (71) . These 14 element are called Lanthanides . These Lanthanides belong to first inner transition series .           In Actinides , these are also 14 elements immediately following Actinium (89) starting from Thorium (90) to lawrencium (103) . The element from Th (90) to Lr (103) are called Actinides . They belong to second inner transition series.
Read more